http://www.thefactsaboutwater.com/research-studies-publications.html The Science of Drinking Water http://oem.bmj.com/cgi/content/abstract/65/6/420 The use of chlorine for water disinfection results in the formation of numerous contaminants called disinfection by-products (DBPs), which may be associated with birth defects, including urinary tract defects. http://jasn.asnjournals.org/cgi/content/full/19/6/1041 To summarize the conclusions of other, more exhaustive reviews: There is no clear evidence of benefit from drinking increased amounts of water. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es7031423 Formation of nine N-nitrosamines has been investigated when seven different source waters representing various qualities were each treated with eleven bench-scale disinfection processes, without addition of nitrosamine precursors.